GEOGRAPHY OF PUNJAB पंजाब का भूगोल LAND BOUNDARY OF PUNJAB

 

The Word PUNJAB is originated from Persian Language. which means land of five Rivers. 

where  is punj means five and Aab means water. The Punjab is located North-West of INDIA. The shape of the Punjab is triangular. Its Latitude extention is 29° 30' north to 32°32' North latitude and its longitude extension is 73°55' east to 76°50' east longitude.

Punjab shares its land boundary with 3 states and 2 union territories. In its south Rajasthan and Haryana states share boundary.  Haryana shares boundary its south-east also. In its East, the Himachal Pradesh state shares boundary. 

Two Union Territories Jammu & Kashmir and Chandigarh share boundary with Punjab. 

The total area of Punjab is 50,362 km2 which is 1.54 % of the total geographical Area of India. 

Amongst 28 States of India, Punjab exist on 20th position. only Ladakh union territory's rank is more than Punjab.

Punjab shares international  boundary with Pakistan. Which is called RAD CLIFFE LINE. Total length of the boundary between Punjab and Pakistan is approximately 553 KM. 

The Satluj and The Ravi rivers make natural boundary between Pakistan and India. 

Article 371; Special status for states

 Special Status for States Under Article 371

Article 371 gives the special status to some states of India under part XXI of the Constitution.

The aims to give the special status to these states are to protect cultural and economics interests of the Tribal People of these states.

Special provisions are made for the people of these states.

Under Article 371, Eleven states have given the special status. These are

Article	States
Article 371	Special provisions for MAHARASHTRA AND GUJARAT
Article 371A	Special provisions for NAGALAND
Article 371B	Special provisions for ASSAM
Article 371C	Special provisions for MANIPUR
Article 371D	Special provisions for ANDHRA PRADESH
Article 371E	establishment of central University in Andhra Pradesh
Article 371F	Special provisions for SIKKIM
Article 371G	Special provisions for MIZORAM
Article 371H	Special provisions for ARUNACHAL PRADESH
Article 371I	Special provisions for GOA
Article 371J	Special provisions for KARNATAKA

17th state of India

 REORGANISATION OF PUNJAB

REORGANISATION OF PUNJAB 1966

The Reorganisation of Punjab was made by Parliament in 1966. For this, the Central Government had formed a 3 members commission, SHAH COMMISSION, under the chairmanship of JC Shah. Other members were MM Phillips and S Dutt.

The area of Punjab was divided among Punjab Haryana ( A new established state) and Himachal Pradesh (then Union Territory). 

Hindi speaking Population area was given to Haryana and Punjabi speaking population area was given to Punjab. 

Reorganisation of States

 REORGANISATION OF STATES 

PEPSU PATIALA AND EAST PUNJAB STATES UNION

PEPSU PATIALA AND EAST PUNJAB STATES UNION 

 PEPSU (PATIALA AND EAST PUNJAB STATES UNION) 

◾The PEPSU was Inaugurated by Vallabh bhai Patel (then Home 

     minister of india)on 5 July 1948.

◾It was created by Merging 8 princely states of Punjab were 

1. Patiala 2. Nabha 3. Jind 4. Kalsia 5. Kapurthala 6. Malerkotla 7. Faridkot 8. Nalagarh

◾Capital was PATIALA 

◾With 6 Salute states : 

1.Patiala 2. Nabha 3. Jind 4. Kapurthala    5. Malerkotla 6. Faridkot 

◾2 Non Salute states 

1. Kalsia 2. Nalagarh 

◾Salute states : A salute state was a princely sta  under the British Raj that had been granted a gun 

    salute by the British crown. 

◾Maharaja Yadavindra Singh was 1st    Rajprmukh/Governor ; Deputy Governor was 

    Jagjeet Singh (Maharaja of Kapurthala) 

◾Gian Singh Rarewala was the 1st Chief Minister Of  PEPSU

◾PEPSU was in the category  B of territory of India 

◾Total area 26208km²

◾It was again Merged into the Punjab on 1 November 1956 

    under Reorganisation of states act 1956. 

◾Lok Sabha constituency seats 4

Preamble of INDIAN CONSTITUTION

 Preamble of INDIAN CONSTITUTION

Malerkotla, 23rd District of Punjab

Malerkotla , 23rd District of Punjab 

On May 14, 2021 

Chief Minister of Punjab Capt Amrinder Singh announced on Eid-Ul-Fitr to demark a new district of Punjab. 

The 23rd district of Punjab, Malerkotla would be separated from Sangrur District. 

Sangrur districts was the 2nd largest district of Punjab after Ludhiana (by area wise) before separation of Malerkotla 

Only district of Punjab where Muslim Population are in predominant 

                       Religion in Malerkotla

Islam             🧕🧕🧕🧕🧕🧕🧕🧕      68.5%

Hinduism    👨‍🌾👨‍🌾👨‍🌾👨‍🌾👨‍🌾👨‍🌾                20.71%

Sikhism        👳‍♂️👳‍♂️👳‍♂️👳‍♂️                         9.5%

Others          🧙‍♀️🎅💂‍♂️                              1.29%

 He also announced a Government medical college in the name of Nawab Sher Mohammed Khan would be established at a cost of 500 crore. 

He also announced to establishment of A new Bus stand, A Government girls college and a Mahila Thana( to be entirely managed by female cops) 

HISTORY of MALERKOTLA 

Malerkotla was established in 14 Century by Sheikh Saduddin-i-Jahan from Afghanistan and established as a independent state in 1600AD. 

When Fauzdar of Sirhind, Wazir Khan ordered to be bricked alive to Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh, then Sher Mohammed Khan, Nawab of Malerkotla. Was presen tin the court of Wazir Khan, protected against inhuman act of Wazir Khan. 

Guru Gobind Singh ji blessed to Sher Mohammed Khan and people of Malerkotla. 

When Ahmad Shah Abdali (A ruler of Afganistan) attacked on Punjab in 1748AD, Dal Khalsa (A Sikh Militant Group) plundered Malerkotla and Sirhind, And drove away the Fauzdar of Jalandhar. Sikhs encamped at Kup Ruhera, Malerkotla. Ahmad Shah Abdali attached at Kup Ruhera where Sikhs were hided themselves. A tough battle was fought between Sikhs and Army of Ahmad Shah Abdali. A large number of children, women and Sikhs were killed in this massacre. This Holocaust, of 1762 AD is registered as Wadda Ghalughara in Sikh History. 

In January 1872, During British colonial rule, A Namdhari/Kuka Sikh uprising was blew up with 66 of the Sikh Kukas. L. Cowan, the Deputy Commissioner of Ludhiana and Mr. Forsyth, Commissioner of Ambala Division ordered to be executed without any trial. 

Malerkotla was the part of Princely State of PEPSU  from 1948 to till Reorganisation of states 1956.

At the Shrine of Haidar Sheikh, A four days fair is held in Malerkotla 

Razia Sultan, Minister of Transport and Water supply & Sanitation in Punjab is MLA from Malerkotla 

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